Pneumatic tool



March 1, 1932. N. B. MCKEAGAN 1,847,843

PNEUMATIC TOOL Filed July 24'. 1930 77| l y 1'0 f/y g 17353413 14 i Il Lufenf; JM @Maz-7W Wnesss Patented Mar. 1, 1932 y 'UNIrEnjfsTATEs PATENT-[OFFICE nomszmiv 3. McxEnGAN, or CHICAGO, ILLINOIS:

lrNEUMATIc Toon Application mea :'ruiy` 24, 1930'.` ,serial No. 470,407.

Figure 5 is a similar View of the other mem- I My invention relates to pneumatic tools,

ber of said means.

and more particularly vto pneumatic riveting hammers; the invention consisting more es. pecially in meanswhereby the rivet-Set or 6 tool is retained in place and held against ac cidental displacement, whilea't the same time permitting the rivet-set to be easily removed when desired.

One object of the yinvention is to provide I means which may: be readily applied tothe cylinders or barrelsof pneumatic tools at present in use, for the purpose ofholding the head or outer end of the rivet set in place and prevent it from being thrown-when the tooly becomes fractured in such mannerV that the head of the rivet set becomes completely severed from the shank of the set. j

As a further result `or" my invention, it is possible to employ a rivet-set which need not be provided with the usual'elongated shank portion; the shankless rivet-set` being secured in place against displacementv or accident-al removal by my improved means which, however. is of such construction as to permit easy manipulation orJadjustmentwhich will en-l able the rivet-set to be removed vvhenoc-` casion requires. Y A The objects and advantages of my invention will all be more readily comprehendcd 30 from the detailed description of the accom-A panying drawings,Wherein:-` n Figure 1 is a side elevation of a pneumatic tool provided with my invention. c

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the outer end of a pneumatic tool provided with my invention, andr illustrating the use of a rivet-set without an integral shank or stem portion, with portions shown 40 in elevation.

Figure 3 is an end elevation of my im proved tool-holding means, disclosed in Figures l and 2.

Y Figure 4 is a detail perspective view of one 45k member of said means.

Figure 6 is a sectional view in perspective of amodifed form of my improved tool hold-y ing means.

VAs my invention rrelatesto means for holding the tool or rivet-set in place at the outer end of the cylinder of a pneumatic tool and does not relate to the general cylinder construction, lthe usual piston and air control valves, a specific description of such portions.

of the pneumatic tool will not be entered into,

except to referto the fact that the hammer or rivet-set usually consists of a head portion, principally located to the exterior of the cylinder or barrel, and a shank portion which extends into ythe cylinder and is adapted to be forcibly engaged by or acted upon by theV reciprocating piston or plunger in the cylinder; theshank being of lesser diameterY than A they head.v In practice', the rivet-sets fre-1 quentlybecome fractured at the juncture of the head and the shank, with the resultfthat thehead of the tool is oftenV thrown outwardly with considerable -force and endangering the lives of the workmen.

In the speciic exemplification of the invention" asldisclosed, the cylinder 10 may be of the usual well known construction and pro# vided With the air operated hammer 11 which is adapted to exert' its blow :onthe rivet-set with which the tool isprovided; and as previously stated, in pneumatic tools as at present employed, the rivet-*set Vis usually provided with an elongated shank adapted to enter the cylinder to receive' the blow exerted bythe hammer. In View of the construction of the rivet-set as above stated, breakage in theV rivet-set at-the juncture ofthe head and thek shank is more or less frequent which not only endangers the lives of operators, but further use (before repair) of the device made impracticable.

In Figure 2 I show the rivet-set 12 made independent or separate from the anvill;

say

the inner end of the rivet-set being provided with an arcuate end 14 or outwardly curved or bulging boss substantially equal to the orifice of the cylinder the arcuate end being adapted tok be engaged by the arcuate endof the anvil 13; the curvatures of the rivet-set and adjacent end of the anvil being suchY that the blow of the anvil 13 on the rivet-set 12 (induced through the reciprocating action of the hammer 11 and its forcible engagement with anvil 13) will at all times be struck substantially at the longitudinal axis of the tool even though the latter may have been slightly misplaced.

The rivet-set 12, at what'may be termed its inner end, is provided'with acircumferentiai rib 15 which is adapted to seat against the outer end of the cylinder 10 while the arcuate portion 14 is so formed as to extend-slightly into the end of the cylinder.

The end of the cylinder 10, adjacent to the outer end, is usually provided with a circum-f ferential groove 16 which is utilized `to receive the inturned edge or flange 17of a sleeve The member18, which is formed out' of suitable resilient metal, may be in the form of acontinuous band if de sired, but preferably consists of a split band.

asshown at 19, to-adapt it to be readily sprung or forced onto and substantially encircle the outer end of the cylinder or barrel with the rim or flange` 17 engaging inthe .circumferf ential groove 16 of the cylinder, which firmly secures the member 18 in'place.

The -wall of the sleeve or member 18 preferablytapers somewhat toward the outer end where the end of the skirt (in the exemplification in Figures 2 and 4) is turned inwardly` as at 20. The inturned portion20 is intended to come into closerelation withthe main portion of the rivet-set 12 and therefore describes Y a. smaller circle than that described by the Vcircumferential rib'15 of the rivet-set 12.

The .skirt portion of the member 18 is segmentally cutaway as shown at 21 in' Figure 4 to an extent approximately equal to the diameter ofthe rib 15 oftherivet-set 12 so as to permit4 withdrawal of 'the rivetfset when desired. Y

VThe member 18 is provided withan encircling split band orring 22 shown in Figure 5 which is rotatably held in place by means of -thecircumferential groove 23 formed in thev sleeve 4or member 18 and the inwardly disposed circumferential rib 24 formed on the encircling band 22; ythe groove-23 being preferably formed by bending the member 18 inwardly at 23 Yat a point adjacent to the end of the cylinder 10, namely coincident with the flange 15 of the rivet-set 12 as shown in Figure 2. Theband 22 is also bent inwardly as shown at 24V in Figure 2 to enter the groove 23, which holds the encircling member 22 rotatably'in place; it being understood, however, that the inwardly lbent portion 23 of the member 18 is so formed as not to interfere with the freedom of the rivet-set 12. The member 18 is also preferably formed to provide a shoulder 25 (see Figure 2) against which the end of the ring 22 abuts.

This maintains the ring in proper position on member 18 and consequently keeps the segmental skirt portion 26 of ring 22 in proper position relative to the skirt of member 18 so as to have it coincident with the cut-out portion or gap 21; the skirt portion 26 being of dimensions substantially equal to the-cut-out portion 21 of member 18. The segmental skirt portion 26 of the band 22 is also provided with an inturned flange 27 similar to the flange l20;and the skirt 26 is formed so as to snap or extend into the gap 21"'when'the band 22 is properly positioned; the'piiange 27 inV conjunction with the flange 20, being intended to engage with the rib 15 of 1.therivet'set 12 kto prevent further outward .movement and therefore to hold the rivet-set in place. I

The band 22, being of resilient metal, permits the-segmental skirt portion 26 to spring or flex outwardly and to telescope with the skirt portion of member 18 when the band is rotated to move the skirt portion 26 out of register with'. the gap 21 at times when it is desired to `remove the rivet-set or hammer 12; it being understood, however, that a firm frictional relation between members 18 and 22 is provided to prevent accidental rotation of member 22. l

When the band 22 has been rotated on member 18 so as to uncover the gap 21, the rivet-set can be laterally forced into place through the opening or gap 21, after which where the` segmental skirt portion 26 will move into and close the gap or opening in member 18, :at which time removal of the rivet-set 12 is made impossible.

In order that the band 22 may beeasily manipulated and at the same time permit the ends ofthe band to pass freely over the split 19 in the member/18, the ends of the band 22 are preferably slightly curled outwardly as shown at 28 inV Figure 5. In'Figure 6, a longitudinal sectional view, in perspective of a modified form of my improved tool or rivet-set holding means is disclosed'. The members are substantially similar tothose shown in the other figures and heretofore described, except that the member 29 is dished inwardly intermediate of the top and bottom as shown at 30 to receive a similarly dished upper portion of the band 31, while the lower edge of member 29 is curled `inwardly and outwardly at 32 instead of beinganged as shown at 20 in Figure 4; the curled portion 32 being intended to describe the segment of a smaller circle than the circle described by the flange 15 of the rivet-set 12 so as to prevent they bottom; the skirt portion 33 of band31 being intended to enter the cut-away portion in the skirt of member 29 when the band 31 is properly positioned; the resiliency of the skirt portion 33, like the skirt portion 26 permitting said portions to flex outwardlyv when it is desired to rotate the bands to open the gaps; While the split member 18 or 29 will permit suiiicient spread in the event that the rivet-set is slightly larger in diameter than the gap or cut-away portion.

While I have disclosed my invention as applied to a pneumatic tool wherein the anvil 13 is separate from the rivet-set 12, it is clearly apparent that `my improved holding means is equally as well adapted for `use in connection with a tool wherein the rivet-set 12 is provided with an integral elongated shank; and in the event of the spindle being broken from the head of the rivet-set, the latter will still be held in place by my improved holding means, thus permitting continued use of the pneumatic tool, as my improved means will prevent the rivet-set being thrown from the cylinder through the action of the air-controlled reciprocating hammer; and as a result the danger heretofore encountered with tools of this character is entirely eliminated.

A further advantage of my improved means results from the fact that rivet-sets without the elongated shanks may be used, as shown in Figure 2, permitting a saving in metal and therefore cost of construction, as different types of rivet-sets may be substituted and employed with the supplemental anvil 13. Furthermore, by forming the ends of the rivet-set and the anvil as shown in Figure 2, with the arcuateportions, it is apparent that the blows will be delivered substantially at the longitudinal axis of the rivet-sets regardless of a slight sidewise shifting or displacement of the rivet-set.

I have shown the holding means as consisting of split bands or members for the purpose of presenting a construction which may be easily applied, to pneumatic tools now in use, by the user, as the members are preferably formed out of suitably tempered metal having sufficient resiliency to enable the members to be forced and sprung into place; but it is evident that the main member may be made continuous and secured tothe end of the cylinder or barrel through the use of proper tools and the formationof the members maybe somewhat varied; the preferred forms of the invention having been described in terms employed merely as terms of description and not as terms of limitation, as structural modifications are possible and may bemade without, however, departing-from the spirit of my invention.

VVVhat'Iclaim is:- 1. Ina penumatic tool, a member'adaptcd to be secured to the cylinder of a pneumatic im' tool and to receive'the rivet-set, the side wall of the member being providedwith an opening through which the rivet-set vmay 'beinserted, and a second member encircling theI first member and rotatablethereon, said second member being adapted to close the side opening in the first member when rotated into proper position, the outer ends of both members being restricted to prevent passage of the'head of the rivet-set.

2. In a pneumatic tool, a member adapted to be secured to theend of the cylinder of a pneumatic tool and to receive the rivet-set, the walls of the member being tapered toward theouter end and provided with an opening in the side to permit insertion of the rivet-set therethrough, and a second member rotatable onV the first member and pro- Y vided with a tapering side wall adapted to enter the opening in the side wall of the first member, the outer ends of both members being formed to prevent passage of the head of the rivet-set therethrough.

3. In a pneumatic tool, `a split-sleeve flanged at the inner end to grip the cylinder of` a pneumatic tool and formed with an inturned portion at the outer end describing the arc of a smaller circle'than that of the head of the rivet-set, the side of the sleeve being provided with an opening adapted to permit insertion of the rivet-set therethrough, and a split band encircling the sleeve, the sleeve and band being formed with correlated surfaces to hold kthe band in place and permit rotation thereof, the band being provided with a side wall portion adapted to close the opening in the side of the sleeve, with the outer end of said side wall portion being inturned to cooperate with the inturned portion of the vsleeve to prevent passage of the head of the rivet-set.

4. In a-pneumatic tool, a member adapted to be secured to the end of the cylinder of a pneumatic tool and provided with an opening in the sidewall adjacent to the outer end to permit insertion of the rivet-set therethrough, and a second member disposed about the first member, the two members being formed to prevent movement of the second member lengthwise of the first member but permitting rotation of the second member, said second member being provided with a resilient segmental portion adapted to seat in the opening in the side wall of the firstl member, the outer ends of the first member and of the segmental portion of the second` member being formed to describe a smaller circle thanthat describedby the head of the rivet-set, to prevent passage of the head of the rivet-set.

V5. In a pneumatetool having a cylinder, a rivet-set provided With an arcuate head, a member, secured to the end of the cylinder, having a segmental opening in the side Wall adapt-ed to permit insertion of the rivet-set therethrough, and a second member secured against movement vlengthwise of the first member but `being rotatable thereon, the seeond member being adapted to' close the segmental opening inthe rst member, With the outer ends of both members being formed to provide a smaller passage than the diameter ofthe head of the rivet-set to prevent passage of the head therethrough.

r NORMANA B. vl\[CKEAGrAl\T. x L 

